Emhlabeni wezimboni oshintsha ngokushesha namuhla, imishini yesimanje isemgqeni ongaphambili wokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza, idala ukusebenza kahle, ukunemba, nokukhiqiza ezingeni eliphezulu. Isifundazwe saseJiangsu, isikhungo esibalulekile somkhakha wokukhiqiza waseChina, samukele lezi zinguquko, sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu ukuguqula izinqubo zendabuko nokuletha imiphumela engcono kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sihluza izinto ezintsha ezibalulekile ezakha imishini yesimanje embonini yokukhiqiza yaseJiangsu, sigqamisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obuhlanganisiwe bukhulisa kanjani ukusebenza kahle, futhi sihlola izitayela zesikhathi esizayo ezithembisa ukuvuselela kakhulu lo mkhakha.

Imishini yesimanje, ehlanganisa imishini yokukhiqiza ethuthukisiwe nezinhlelo ezihlakaniphile, idlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni ukuncintisana kwezimboni zezwe. Izinkampani ezifana ne-建湖福丽达机械制造有限公司 (Jianhu Fulida Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) zibe nomthelela omkhulu ekuhlanganiseni imishini ye-CNC enembile nezixazululo ezithuthukile emakethe. Ukuzinikela kwabo kwekhwalithi nokuphumelela kwezobuchwepheshe kubonisa umgomo wesifunda wokuthuthukiswa nokuthuthuka kwezimboni.

Igama elithi "imishini yesimanje" libhekisa esigabeni esibanzi sezinsiza ezithuthukisiwe eziklanyelwe ukwenza kahle izinqubo zokukhiqiza. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amathuluzi omshini ozenzakalelayo, i-robotics, izinhlelo zokulawula izinombolo zamakhompyutha (CNC), kanye nobuchwepheshe befektri ehlakaniphile obuhlanganisa ukuthuthukisa amandla okukhiqiza ngenkathi kuncishiswa amaphutha omuntu kanye nemfucuza. E-Jiangsu, ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obunjalo kuguqula imigqa yokukhiqiza — kusuka ezingxenyeni zezimoto kuya ezinsizeni zokwakha.

Imishini yesimanje yokwakha kanye nemishini esindayo yesimanje kuyizigaba ezibalulekile zale ngunguquko yemishini. Le mishini ekhethekile ihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bokuzenzakalela kanye nezinzwa ezithuthukisa ukuphepha kokusebenza nokusebenza kahle ezindaweni zokwakha. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa ze-IoT (Internet of Things) kule mishini kuvumela ukuqoqwa kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela, ukugcinwa okubikezelayo, kanye nokusebenza okukude, kunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokungasebenzi nokukhulisa umkhiqizo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani zesimanjemanje zemishini yokukhiqiza e-Jiangsu zihola ekuthuthukisweni kwemishini entsha ehlanganisa ubunjiniyela obunembayo namakhono ahlakaniphile. Lezi zinkampani azizona nje abahlinzeki kodwa futhi zingabalingani ekuguqulweni kwezimboni, zinikeza izixazululo ezihambisana nezinqubomgomo ze-Industry 4.0.

Ukuphumelela okuningana kwezobuchwepheshe kube yisihluthulelo ekuthuthukiseni izimishini zesimanjemanje. Okukodwa okubalulekile ukwanda kwezikhungo zemishini ye-CNC ezivumela imisebenzi enembayo kakhulu, ephindeka kalula ngokuphazamiseka okuncane komuntu. Lezi zikhungo zisekela ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinezimvume eziqinile, okubalulekile emikhakheni yezimoto, yezindiza, kanye nemishini esindayo.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-automation ne-robotics kumela okunye ukweqa okukhulu. Izimoto eziqondiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo (ama-AGV), izingalo zama-robotic, nama-robot ahlanganyelayo (ama-cobot) avame kakhulu ezimbonini zaseJiangsu, enza kube lula ukuzenzakalela komsebenzi. Lokhu kunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi, kunciphisa ubungozi bezokuphepha, futhi kwandisa ukukhiqiza.

I-Artificial intelligence (AI) kanye nama-algorithms okufunda ngomshini nawo afakwa emishini yesimanje ukuze kuvunyelwe ukugcinwa okubikezelayo kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ezivumelana nezimo. Lezi zibonelo zihlaziya idatha yokusebenza ukuze zibikezele ukwehluleka kwemishini ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke, zilungise izinhlelo zokugcinwa futhi zinciphise isikhathi sokungasebenzi esingalindelekile.

Ama-digital twin — amakhophi angokoqobo emishini ekhona — nawo ayathandwa. Avumela onjiniyela ukuthi bahlole futhi balungise ukusebenza komshini kude, okusheshisa imijikelezo yokuqamba izinto ezintsha futhi kunciphise izindleko zokwenza amamodeli angokoqobo.

Ubuchwepheshe buyisisekelo sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle ekukhiqizeni kwesimanje. Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini exhumene kusekela umqondo wamafektri ahlakaniphile, lapho idatha igeleza ngokungenamihawu phakathi kwemishini, abasebenzi, nezinhlelo zokuphatha. Lokhu kuxhumana kusiza ukuqapha nokulawula imigqa yokukhiqiza ngesikhathi sangempela.

Abakhiqizi e-Jiangsu bayazuza ngokuhlanganisa izinzwa ezithuthukile nezinhlelo zokulawula kumishini esindayo yesimanje neminye imishini. Lezi zinhlelo ezihlakaniphile ziqoqa izilinganiso zokusebenza njengokushisa, ukudlidliza, nomthwalo, okwazisa ukulungiswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza njalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapulatifomu e-cloud computing avumela ukuhlaziywa kwedatha okuhlanganisiwe, kusekele ukwenza izinqumo futhi kuvumele izimpendulo ezisheshayo ezinkingeni zokukhiqiza. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezinkampanini ezifana ne-建湖福丽达机械制造有限公司, ezibeka phambili ukucubungula okunembayo futhi zidinga izinyathelo eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-automation, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela, kanye nemininingwane eqhutshwa yi-AI kuguqulela emijikelezweni yokukhiqiza emfushane, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ephakeme, nokunciphisa ukuchithwa kwezinto - konke lokhu okufaka isandla ekuncintiswaneni okuthuthukisiwe emakethe yomhlaba.

Abakhiqizi abaningi baseJiangsu baveze izinzuzo ezibonakalayo zokwamukela imishini yesimanje. Isibonelo, 建湖福丽达机械制造有限公司 ihlanganisile izikhungo zokusebenza ze-CNC ezithuthukisiwe nezixazululo zokwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze wandise amakhono abo okusebenza ngokunembile, okuholele ekuthuthukisweni kokunembile kokukhiqiza kanye nokwehla okukhulu kwezikhathi zokuhola.

Esinye isibonelo sihlanganisa umkhiqizi omkhulu wezinto zokwakha onesayensi ye-IoT ezintweni zokwakha zesimanje. Ngokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi enzwa kanye nokuhlaziywa okubikezelayo, bafinyelele ukuthuthukiswa okungaphezu kuka-20% esikhathini sokusebenza komshini futhi banciphise izindleko zokulungisa kakhulu.

Lezi zifundo zibeka phambili indima ebalulekile yezinkampani zezinsimbi ezisezingeni eliphezulu ekushayeleni phambili ubuchwepheshe. Amandla abo okwenza izixazululo ezihambisana nezinselelo ezithile zemboni zimisele iJiangsu njengomholi ekuthuthukisweni kokukhiqiza.

Ukubheka phambili, indlela yokusebenza kwemishini yesimanje eJiangsu ixhumene kakhulu nezinguquko ekudidiyeleni nasekugcineni. Ukuphushwa kwemikhuba yokukhiqiza eluhlaza kuzosheshisa ukutholwa kwemishini esebenzisa amandla ngokuphumelelayo, eqhutshwa ubuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile.

Intuthuko ekuxhumaneni kwe-5G kulindeleke ukuthi ithuthukise ukuxhumana phakathi kwemishini, ivumele ukuzenzakalelayo okuthuthukile nokusebenza kude. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukuvulwa kwemifekethiso ehlakaniphile nezinhlelo zokuhlinzeka ezixhunyiwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-augmented reality (AR) kanye ne-virtual reality (VR) zizokwandisa ukweseka ukuqeqeshwa, ukugcinwa, nezinqubo zokwakha, zenze imishini eyinkimbinkimbi ibe lula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyigcina.

Ukuqhubeka kokuthuthuka kwe-AI kuzokwandisa ubuhlakani bemishini, kuvumele imishini ukuba izilungise ngokwayo futhi izitholele izinkinga ngaphandle kokuthintwa kwabantu, okuzokwandisa ukuhamba kahle kokukhiqiza nokumelana.

Kwizinkampani ezifana ne-建湖福丽达机械制造有限公司, ukuhlala emkhakheni wezinto ezintsha kusho ukwamukela ubuchule futhi ngokuqhubekayo kuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bazo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zezindawo zezimboni zesikhathi esizayo.

Ubuchwepheshe obusha bemishini yanamuhla buguqula umkhakha wokukhiqiza we-Jiangsu, bukhulisa umkhiqizo, ukunemba, nokusimama. Ochwepheshe bemboni kumele babone inani lokwamukela imishini ethuthukisiwe nokuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile ukuze bahlale bancintisana emakethe yomhlaba. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha kusuka kwimishini yokwakha yesimanje kuya ku-CNC machining ehlakaniphile, abakhiqizi bangavula amazinga amasha okuphumelela kokusebenza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

I-建湖福丽达机械制造有限公司 iyisibonelo somoya wokucabanga phambili obalulekile empumelelweni kule ndawo eguquguqukayo, ibonisa ukuthi ukuzinikela ebuhleni nasekhwalithini kunikeza izinzuzo ezilinganisekayo.

Simema abaholi bemboni, onjiniyela, kanye nabantu abenza izinqumo ukuthi bahlole lezi zithuthukisi, batshale imali ezixazululweni zemishini yesimanje, futhi bajoyine uhambo lukaJiangsu oluya ekuqhakazeni kwezimboni.

Ngeminye imininingwane ngemikhiqizo yemishini esezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezinsizakalo zokucubungula okunembayo, vakashela ku-Imikhiqizo ikhasi. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana ne-建湖福丽达机械制造有限公司 nokuzibophezela kwabo ekuqambeni izinto ezintsha, bona i-Mayelana Nathi ikhasi.