| Property | Characteristic |
|---|---|
| CAS No. | 108-11-2 |
| Molecular formula | C₆H₁₄O |
| Molecular weight | 102.18 g/mol |
| Appearance | Clear colorless liquid |
| Odor | Weak alcoholic |
| Melting point | –90 °C |
| Boiling point | 131–135 °C |
| Flash point | 41 °C (closed cup) |
| Density (20°C) | 0.806–0.811 g/cm³ |
| Water solubility (20°C) | 2 g/100 mL |
| UN number / Class | UN 2053, Class 3 |
1. Properties:
Appearance and physical form: 4-Methyl-2-pentanol (MIBC) is a clear, colorless liquid with a mild alcoholic odor. It is supplied in various grades (industrial ≥98.5%, high purity ≥99.9%, for synthesis).
Solubility: MIBK is slightly soluble in water (2% by weight at 20°C) and miscible with most organic solvents, including ethanol, hydrocarbons, and aromatic solvents. Its low water solubility and excellent miscibility with organics make it an effective solvent for hydrophobic resins, oils, and waxes.
Chemical properties: MIBK is a branched secondary alcohol. It has a moderate boiling point (131–135°C), a flash point of 41°C (closed cup), and is classified as a Class II flammable liquid. Its vapors are heavier than air and can form explosive mixtures with air (1.0–5.5% by volume). MIBK is chemically stable but reacts with strong oxidizing agents.
2. Applications:
Mining industry (primary use – frother for flotation): MIBC is one of the most widely used frothers in the flotation of sulfide and non-sulfide ores, including copper, molybdenum, lead-zinc ores, and coal.
Paints, coatings, and printing inks: Used as a latent solvent in nitrocellulose lacquers to increase gloss, improve leveling, and reduce haze. Dissolves nitrocellulose, resins, waxes, and dyes. Used in printing inks.
Lubricants and chemical intermediates: Key raw material for the synthesis of zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP) – anti-wear and anti-corrosion additives for motor oils. Serves as a precursor in the synthesis of plasticizers.
Other applications: Component of brake and hydraulic fluids; solvent in textile processing, adhesives, and industrial cleaners.
3. Production method:
Industrial process: MIBK is produced by catalytic hydrogenation of mesityl oxide, which in turn is produced from acetone. The product is purified by rectification to a purity of ≥98.5–99.9%.
4. Safety information:
Hazard classification: MIBC is classified as a flammable liquid with hazard statements: R10 (Flammable), R37 (Irritates the respiratory tract). Signal word: Attention. UN number: 2053 (Class 3, Packing Group III). NFPA 704: Health Hazard 2, Flammability 2, Instability 0.
Health hazards: Vapors may cause respiratory irritation, headache, drowsiness, and loss of consciousness. Causes skin and eye irritation.
First aid measures: If in eyes – rinse with water for 15 minutes. If on skin – wash with soap and water. If inhaled – move to fresh air. If swallowed – rinse mouth, do NOT induce vomiting, consult a doctor.
Fire and explosion hazard: Flammable liquid (flash point 41°C). Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air (1.0–5.5% vol). In case of fire, use alcohol-resistant foam, powder, or CO₂.
Storage and stability: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place. Shelf life: 24–60 months in sealed original containers.
Regulatory compliance: 4-Methyl-2-pentanol (CAS#108-11-2, EC#203-551-7) is listed in the EINECS, TSCA, and DSL registries. It is regulated by OSHA, NIOSH (PEL: 25 ppm), and ACGIH (TLV: 20 ppm). For complete information, refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS).
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